Algeria – China global strategic partnership and investment opportunities: “Glorious Past – Ambitious Future”辉煌的过去 雄心勃勃的未来——阿中全球战略伙伴关系和投资机会

I am very delighted, in my capacity as Ambassador of Algeria to China, to address the Chinese general public and the economic operators, readers of the well-known and long standing “China Investment Magazine” to whom I would like to extend my warmest thanks for the interest it expressed towards my country, Algeria, especially on its development plans and related in-vestment opportunities that would benefit the strengthening and deepening of the strategic bilateral partnership between Algeria and China.

The reasons for Chinese companies to invest in Algeria are numerous and diverse. I will highlight the most important ones: the great momentum Algeria-China relations are experiencing, Algeria great potentialities, Algeria attractive investment policy and Algeria ambitious multi sector development Plan.

China is the first trading partner of Algeria for more than a decade, and the two parties are collaborating in important development projects, while exploring the best means to encourage more trade exchanges from both sides.

Chinese companies have been present in Algeria for decades. They participated in recent years in Algerian development programs, especially in the field of infrastructure (highway and housing construction), and other sectors, as they were granted a number of public development projects.  

Nevertheless, they should seize the ongoing shift of the Algerian economy and embrace for lasting and win-win business activities by launching investment in Algeria, as the country is more than ever engaged in diversifying its economy and reducing its dependence on oil and gas revenues.

In this regard and while encouraging Chinese companies to explore opportunities that Algeria’s economy may offer, I would like to stress on the main following aspects:

Algeria – China long standing partnership: “glorious past – ambitious future”

The strong political ties between Algeria and China and the firm will expressed by the Algerian and Chinese high Authorities to further enforce the bilateral partnership are important factors that any economic operator from the two countries should bear in mind and consider when seeking opportunities of cooperation and partnership.

During his recent visit to China, in March 2022, the Algerian Foreign Minister and National Community Abroad, Ramtane LAMAMRA, stressed at the joint press conference he conducted with his counterpart, Wang Yi, State Councilor, Foreign Affairs Minister of China, how deep and promising the Algeria-China ties are. Minister LAMAMRA made a parallel with the celebration this year of the 60th anniversary of Algeria’s independence, noting that the celebration’s slogan: “glorious past – ambitious future”, also very well reflects the global strategic relations that exist between Algeria and China.

Algeria and China are indeed experiencing a good momentum that would allow an even better and bright future, because, as a proverb says: “When the roots are deep, the tree would grow very high”.  

It is indeed worth reminding when considering China –Algeria relations, that the two countries enjoy friendship and solidarity relations since the fifties of last century: China recognized the Algerian Interim Government of Algeria, in September 22nd, 1958, while the struggle was still going on for the independence of the country for which China was of great support. The two countries have established full diplomatic relations in 20th December 1958. Later, in October 1971, Algeria made significant and prominent contribution to restoring China’s legitimate seat in the United Nations.

The two countries also share common founding principles such as national sovereignty, non-interference in other countries’ domestic affairs and mutual development.

It’s a fact that having experienced the same form of oppressive foreign domination, China and Algeria, as it was the case for a lot of other Arab and African countries, find in each other reasons of confidence to engage on the battle State building and social and economic development.

Based on this background Algeria and China developed a very close relations and experienced for decades a fruitful cooperation in various fields.

The current context of COVID pandemic demonstrated again how the deeply rooted China-Algeria ties are strong through, multiple expressions of solidarity and diverse mutual support since the first weeks of the outbreak.

The two countries bound by strategic relationship, in November 6th, 2006, agreed on February 2014, to elevate their cooperation to a global strategic partnership.

They continually enrich their bilateral legal framework of cooperation, which counts numerous bilateral Agreements on key sectors of activities, among which are:
– reciprocal encouragement and protection of investments, signed on October 1996;
– non-double taxation and prevention against tax evasion signed on 06 November 2006 and ratified on June 2007;
– cooperation on production capacity, signed on October 2016 and entered into force on September 2017.

Furthermore, Algeria joined the important initiative of His Excellency Xi Jinping, “The Belt and Road initiative” on September 2018, and the related Memorandum of Understanding entered into force on August 2019.

Algeria is among the founder members of the Belt and Road Initiative Tax Administration Mechanism (BRITACOM) and “The Belt and Road Energy Partnership (BREP), launched, in April 2019. Algeria is also a member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), since December 2019.

The ongoing review of deliveries of the first five-year (2014.2018) Plan on the development of the global strategic partnership between Algeria and China, as well as the finalization of a number of bilateral cooperation agreements offer reasons for hope that the bilateral cooperation legal framework will continue to improve for the benefit of diversified and fruitful partnership.

High Authorities of both sides expressed in various occasions their commitments to enhance further and diversify the partnership at a bilateral level, as well as within the multilateral mechanisms such as the “Belt and Road Initiative”, “China-Arab Cooperation Forum” and “China-African Cooperation Forum”.
Therefore, there is, no doubt that Chinese companies that consider the following strong potentialities of Algeria and seek opportunities of investment in the country  will not only enjoy a very friendly local environment but also a strong support from the authorities of the two countries.

Algeria, a country with strong potentialities for profitable investment

Country of history and rich culture, enjoying a strategic geographic location as well as political and social stability, blessed with varied natural resources, home of a large domestic market and close to important regional market, Algeria is very well designated to host Chinese investment for win-win cooperation.

a. Largest country in Africa, territory of varied geography, fascinating landscapes and authentic hospitality
Algeria, capital Algiers, whose official name is “The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria” is a country in the Maghreb in northern Africa. Algeria that extends on a superficies of 2,381,741 km2 is the largest country in the Mediterranean region, in the Arab world and in Africa.  It is the 10th largest country in the world; it has a population of around 45 million inhabitants.

Algeria that is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea in the North, shares borders with its neighboring countries: Libya and Tunisia to the East, Niger to South-East, Mali, Mauritania and Western-Sahara to the South-West, and Morocco to the West. The coastline extends for more than 1300 km and the Sahara occupies 70 % of the Algerian territory.

Algeria that enjoys political and social stability in strategic region of the World never stopped its consistent efforts and contributions for international and regional cooperation and development.

The Algerian people and Algeria are an integral part of the Great Maghreb, the Arab, Mediterranean and African countries”. Arabic is a national and official language of Algeria. Tamazight is also a national and official language. French is spoken, English, Spanish, German, and Chinese are taught.  

Algeria is divided into 58 provinces (wilayas).Algiers; Oran, Constantine, Annaba, Tizi Ouzou, Djelfa, Ghardaia, Batna,  Ouargla, Tamanrasset, Tlemcen Setif and Jijel are among several other Algeria’s main cities.

The geography of Algeria made the country’s climate: Mediterranean in the coastal areas (hot and dry summers and soft and rainy winters. The average temperatures in summer and winter are respectively of 25 °C and 11 °C) ; Semi-arid in the mid-South and Arid in the South, offering the best conditions of living and multiplying of varieties of fauna and flora.

Algeria’s natural potentialities and historical heritage offers exceptional assets, such as the famous region of Tassili that is classified as a world heritage by the UNESCO, besides: the Casbah of Algiers (as an important citadel), the Ruins of Tipasa (a Phoenician and later Roman town, Timgad, Djemila (both Roman ruins) the Qal’a of Beni Hammad (the first capital of the Hammadid empire) and the M’zab Valley (a limestone valley containing a large urbanized oasis).

b. Strong economic potentialities  and competitive factors of produc-tion   
Algeria is blessed with tremendous natural resources, among them oil and gas (international producer and exporter), Phosphate (150 listed deposits and estimated reserves of around 2 billion tones), Iron (estimated reserves of 3,5 billion tones), Zinc, marble, salt and Kaolin. Algeria also enjoys more than 3.000 hours of sunrise per year.

A majority of Algerians are under 30 years old and constitute a young, high skilled labor force.

Furthermore, as it is the case for the household’s needs, power supply for industries is also subsidized. Productions plants enjoy one of the cheapest power supply costs in the world: natural gas: 0.21 to 0.40 Euro/ therm ; electricity: 0.1 to 0.4 Euro cent/ kw hours;  Gasoline : 0.30 Euro / liter and gasoil :0.17 Euro / liter.

The country, also, enjoys a strategic geographic location and has signed different regional trade agreements that offer proximity and access to large regional markets that are:
– the European union market (of more than 400 million people), located at just one hour-flight and less than 24 hours by sea from Algiers ;
– seven bordering markets (Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, Western Sahara and Morocco) of around 130 million people ;
– the Arab countries market of more than 300 million people since Algeria is a member of the Arab free trade zone ;

the Africa continent market that will be freely accessible with the promising Agreement on African Trade economic zone, into force since January 2021.

Algeria, a country of attractive investment legal framework

When it comes to the doing business environment, investment legal framework is getting continuously more attractive in Algeria. “Freedom to invest”, “non-discrimination”, “investment protection” and “intangibility of benefits” are the main principles governing investments in the country.

The forthcoming Investment Code to be released on June 2022, will bring more incentives and facilitations as well as better conditions for a fruitful and beneficial achievements to any investor whose concern and interest is Algeria.

It is worth to recall that new measures have been already implemented in 2020, in order to ease foreign investment framework by lifting some restriction introduced since 2009. In this regard, it is worth to mention that:

– All sectors of activity are now open to foreign companies and the rule limiting foreign shareholding to 49 % is adjusted at a large extent. This rules, concerns now, only few sectors considered as strategic in addition to the whole sale of imported goods. Foreign companies may now freely invest and hold 100 % shares of a large number of activities;
– The State’s pre-emption right is now lifted. It is replaced by a prior Government’s authorization;
– The obligation to finance foreign investment by resorting to local financing is lifted.
– The investment law is under review to make foreign investment even easier.

Furthermore, Algerian legislation guarantees to foreign investors the transfer of the invested capital and the related generated incomes, while Algeria signed around 40 bilateral Agreement on reciprocal encouragement and protection of investments, including with China.

In the other hand, investment legal framework in Algeria offers many advantages likely to boost investment potential on all sectors. Investment Law grants wide range of incentives to eligible investments, which magnitude increase depending on the funds allocated, the number of employment that would be created as well as the sector and locality intended for the project.

The incentives consist on exemptions of taxes and duties for 03 years, up to 05 or up to 10 years, during the setup phase and the execution phase of the investment.
In addition to that, the tax rates for investments activities in Algeria are among the lowest rates in the Maghreb region:  

– Tax on company profit – TCP (IBS) is fixed at 25%. The rate may be reduced to 12.5% if the profits are reinvested;
– Professional activity tax – PAT (TAP): is fixed at 2% and is deductible on the taxable profit.  It is paid annually and affects the sales turnover achieved, excluding VAT;
– Value added tax – VAT (TVA): There are currently two VAT rates – a normal rate of 17% and a reduced rate of 7%;
– Land tax – LT (TF): Its taxable base comprises the rental fiscal value of the taxable property. The rate for the land tax on the built property is 3%. While it is fixed at 5% for inbuilt properties located in a non-urbanized area, In urbanized areas, it varies between 5% and 10% according to the surface area.

It is then obvious that when investing in Algeria, Chinese companies will benefit from great potentialities, a strategic position of the biggest country in Africa, and a very friendly investment environment.

Algeria, a country of investment opportunities

Algeria’s economy is still reliant on oil and gas, which have long been the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 60% of budget revenues, 30% of GDP, and over 95% of export earnings. Its crude oil production stands at around 1.3 million barrels/day, but it is also a major gas producer and exporter, with important links to Europe. In 2020, Algeria has the 10th largest reserves of natural gas and the seventh largest gas exporter in the World. It also ranks 15th in oil reserves.

Nevertheless, Algeria is experiencing an important shift of its economy to reduce the dependence on hydrocarbons. The country focuses on structuring strategic projects, easing the setting up of joint ventures for technology transfer and reindustrialization in pharmaceutical, automotive and other industries, while developing the country’s enormous potential in terms of renewable energy, agriculture, tourism and digital economy.

In the other hand, the most significant lesson we should learn from COVID-19 pandemic is that a new way is possible to conduct and organize national country’s development and global economy growth. Algeria-China partnership may, in this regard, find supplementary opportunities of enrichment and diversification, especially when considering the following;

1- development of infrastructure supporting telecommunication technology, for the generalization of e-commerce platforms and payments as well as digitization of different administrations, which aim to develop the digital economy, and green development, are considered all around the world to be of great potential to speed the economic recovery and to lead to sustainable development, while tackling the climate change challenges ;

2- China’s experience and advances in these fields would greatly benefit Algeria, while the new Chinese development concept of dual circulation is a great opportunity for the export of Algerian products;

3- these above-listed sectors are the areas of focus of the Algerian government’s development program. A program that offers, among other areas of cooperation, another batch of opportunities for partnership and win-win cooperation between Algeria and China.
Chinese companies are welcome to invest and develop fruitful lasting business activities on unlimited sectors in Algeria. However, I would like to stress on the following specific sectors which copes with the priorities highlighted by the Government in its action plan of September 2021, while offering concrete opportunities of win-win cooperation for the years ahead:

a. Energy transition and renewable energy
Algerian Government has put in place in 2020 an energy transition strategy aiming to set up gradually an updated and pragmatic renewable energy program, which consists in installing renewable power production capacity of 4.000 megawatts by 2024 and 15.000 megawatts by 2035 from all kind of renewable energy resources:  Photovoltaic, wind, thermal and biomass.

A concrete plan was launched for installing a capacity of one thousand megawatts of solar energy during the current year 2022. The target is to increase gradually this installed capacity.  

In the other hand, and in order to achieve its energy transition and efficiency goals, the Government launched specific policies targeting more improvement on housing insulation, solar water heaters, use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas for personal vehicles and transportation.   

b. Re-industrialization and local production
New policies are implemented in order to further develop the industry sector in Algeria including SMEs, in all fields, to install more manufacturing and processing capacities of the abundant raw material of the country. A target is also set to increase at least to 30% the rate of locally produced component composing different manufactured (mechanics, white goods, automotives…etc).

c. Development of the Pharmaceutical industry
The Algerian Government attaches a great focus to further develop the existing pharmaceutical industry, which covers, right now around 50% of the countries important needs on drugs and health related goods.

The strategy implemented since 2020, aims to improve local production of pharmaceutical industry designated goods and reduce the related import.

d. Developing the digital economy
The Government has also been orienting its recent efforts on the development of infrastructure supporting telecommunication technology, for the generalization of e-commerce platforms and payments as well as digitization of the administration, which aim to develop the digital economy.

The above-mentioned development programs that the Algerian Government is implementing offer diverse opportunities for long term partnership, join-venture or totally owned activities that Chinese companies may seize in order to establish fruitful business activities.

e. Tourism
The Government attaches also great attention for the development of the rich and diversified touristic potential of Algeria, by among other means, the enlargement of the national capacity on tourism facilities and the consolidation and promotion of the handicraft industry.

f. Consolidating and modernizing the Agriculture sector
It is one of the sectors targeted by the Government within its strategy aiming to improve the national capacity on food security, diversify the budget revenues, while exploiting the tremendous potentialities of the country in the field.

g. Railways projects
Algeria set up an ambitious Program for the development of railways sector. Numerous new railways lines are planned to ease people’s travels and cargo fret from the different region of Algeria. The Plan includes “the railways North-South line project”, which is very important and of a large scale one, since it will link Algeria to other African countries.

Conclusion

I would conclude by adding that despite the uncertainties the world is witnessing and the numerous challenges it is facing, Algeria – China future is set to be bright, as the two parties are more than ever committed to work together to overcome their difficulties, address the challenges, unite their combined potential for more progress, and seize the concrete opportunities for a lasting and strong strategic partnership.

I reiterate my invitation to the Chinese companies to be more proactive in exploring opportunities of investment in Algeria and to seize this great momentum, that Algeria-China- relations are experiencing by initiating and conducting win-win investment projects in Algeria, as the country is more than ever engaged in diversifying its economy and reducing its dependence on oil and gas revenues.

Chinese companies and business operators may rest confident that they will as usual find all assistance and needed support from the Embassy of Algeria to China when seeking for investment opportunities and looking for Algerian partners.
Once again, welcome to invest and grow in Algeria and with Algeria.

我很高兴能以阿尔及利亚驻华大使的身份向中国公众、商界和企业界的人士以及这本知名且发行已久的《中国投资》杂志的读者们撰文，我想向你们表达最热烈的感谢，感谢你们对阿尔及利亚的兴趣，特别是对其未来发展计划和相关投资机会的兴趣，这将有助于加强和深化阿尔及利亚与中国之间的双边战略伙伴关系。

中国公司在阿尔及利亚投资的原因是多方面的。我将强调最重要的几点：阿中关系正在经历的巨大发展势头、阿尔及利亚拥有的很大潜力、阿尔及利亚非常吸引人的投资政策以及阿尔及利亚多部门雄心勃勃的发展计划。

中国是阿尔及利亚十多年来的第一贸易伙伴，双方正在重要的发展项目中进行合作，同时也在探索鼓励更多贸易交流的最佳途径。
中国公司在阿尔及利亚经营已经几十年了。近年来，他们参与了阿尔及利亚的发展项目，特别是在基础设施领域（公路和住房建设）和其他部门，因为他们获得批准参与一些公共发展项目。

虽然如此，更多的中国公司应该抓住阿尔及利亚经济正在转型的这一机遇，通过在阿尔及利亚投资来开展持久且能双赢的商业活动，因为阿尔及利亚比以往任何时候都更致力于实现经济多样化，减少对石油和天然气收入的依赖。

在鼓励中国公司探索阿尔及利亚经济可能提供的机会的时候，我想着重强调以下几个方面：

⬆ 阿尔及利亚阿尔及尔

阿尔及利亚与中国长期的伙伴关系：辉煌的过去，雄心勃勃的未来

阿尔及利亚和中国之间牢固的政治关系，以及阿中两国高层官员表示的进一步加强双边伙伴关系的坚定意愿，是两国任何经济体在寻求合作机会和建立伙伴关系时都应铭记和考虑的重要因素。

2022年3月访华期间，阿尔及利亚外交与海外侨民部部长拉姆丹·拉马拉在他与中国国务委员兼外交部长王毅举行的联合记者招待会上强调，阿中关系不仅历史深厚，而且充满希望。拉马拉部长引用了今年在阿尔及利亚独立60周年庆祝活动中使用的口号：辉煌的过去，雄心勃勃的未来。他认为它也很好地反映了阿尔及利亚与中国之间存在的全球战略关系。

阿尔及利亚和中国当前的发展势头确实良好，这会使未来的两国关系更加美好和光明，正如谚语所说，“当树根很深时，树就会长得很高。”

事实上，在考虑阿中关系时，有必要提醒的是，两国自上世纪50年代以来一直保持着友好团结的关系：1958年9月22日，中国承认了阿尔及利亚临时政府，当时争取国家独立的斗争仍在进行，中国对此给予了大力支持。1958年12月20日两国建立了全面外交关系。后来，在1971年10月，阿尔及利亚为恢复中国在联合国的合法席位作出了重大和突出的贡献。

两国的建国原则也非常一致，比如尊重国家主权、不干涉别国内政和共同发展。

事实上，就像许多其他阿拉伯和非洲国家一样，中国和阿尔及利亚也经历了同样的外国统治的压迫，因此都有投入到国家建设和社会经济发展的战斗中的信心。

在这样的背景下，阿中两国构建了非常密切的关系，并且数十年来在各个领域展开了卓有成效的合作。

当前新冠疫情肆虐的形势再次表明，根深蒂固的阿中关系是多么牢固，因为在疫情爆发几周后，两国就团结一致，通过各种形式给予彼此支持。

两国在2006年11月6日缔结了战略伙伴关系，2014年2月，又将其升级为全球战略伙伴关系。

这样的关系不断丰富了双边合作的法律框架，包括许多重要活动领域的双边协议，其中包括：
– 1996年10月签署的互相鼓励和保护投资的协议；
– 2006年11月6日签署、2007年6月正式生效的不双重征税和防止逃税的协议；
– 2016年10月签署、2017年9月生效的产能合作协议；

此外，阿尔及利亚在2018年9月加入了习近平主席提出的重要倡议“一带一路”倡议，相关的谅解备忘录于2019年8月生效。

阿尔及利亚是2019年4月启动的“一带一路”倡议税收管理机制（BRITACOM）和“一带一路”倡议能源伙伴关系（BREP）的创始成员国之一。2019年12月阿尔及利亚还加入了亚洲基础设施投资银行（亚投行）。

目前正在对阿尔及利亚和中国全球战略伙伴关系发展的第一个五年计划（2014-2018年）的实施情况进行回顾，并对一些双边合作协议进行最终确定，这些都让我们有理由希望，双边合作的法律框架将继续改善，旨在确保多样化和富有成效的伙伴关系。

两国高层在各种场合均表达了将在双边层面以及在“一带一路”倡议、“中阿合作论坛”和“中非合作论坛”等多边机制内进一步强化伙伴关系并使之多样化的承诺。

因此，毫无疑问，考虑到阿尔及利亚具备以下巨大潜力并试图在阿尔及利亚寻求投资机会的中国公司不仅将享受当地非常友好的环境，而且还能够得到两国政府的大力支持。

阿尔及利亚——一个有巨大投资盈利潜力的国家

阿尔及利亚历史悠久，文化底蕴深厚，地理位置优越，政治和社会稳定，自然资源丰富，拥有巨大的国内市场，并且靠近重要的区域市场，因此是中国投资者实现合作共赢的最佳东道国。

1.阿尔及利亚是非洲最大的国家，领土的地理位置具有多样性，自然风景迷人，人民热情好客
阿尔及利亚的正式名称是“阿尔及利亚人民民主共和国”，是北非马格里布地区的一个国家，首都是阿尔及尔。阿尔及利亚的面积有2381741平方公里，是地中海地区、阿拉伯世界和非洲最大的国家。它还是世界第十大国家，拥有大约4500万居民。

阿尔及利亚北部与地中海接壤，东部的邻国是利比亚和突尼斯，东南部是尼日尔，西南部是马里、毛里塔尼亚和西撒哈拉，西部是摩洛哥。阿尔及利亚的海岸线长达1300多公里，撒哈拉占据了阿尔及利亚70%的领土。

阿尔及利亚在世界战略区域享有政治和社会稳定，并且一直在为国际和区域合作与发展做着不懈努力和贡献。

阿尔及利亚人民和阿尔及利亚是大马格里布、阿拉伯、地中海和非洲国家不可分割的一部分。阿拉伯语是阿尔及利亚的国家官方语言。塔玛齐格特语也是一种国家官方语言。法语在口语中很流行，学校也教授英语、西班牙语、德语和汉语。

阿尔及利亚分为58个省（地区），阿尔及尔、奥兰、君士坦丁、安纳巴、提济乌祖、盖尔达耶、巴特纳、塔曼拉塞特、塞提夫和吉杰勒等是其中的几个主要城市。

阿尔及利亚的地理位置决定了它的气候：地中海沿岸地区（夏季炎热干燥，冬季柔和多雨）夏季和冬季的平均温度分别为25°C、11°C。中南部属于半干旱地区，南部为干旱地区，为各种动植物的栖息和繁殖提供了最佳条件。

阿尔及利亚的自然潜力和历史遗产为其提供了特殊的资源，例如著名的塔西里地区就被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。此外，被列入世界遗产的还有：阿尔及尔的卡斯巴（一座重要的城堡）、提帕萨遗址（一座腓尼基和后来的罗马城镇）、蒂姆加德和杰米拉（两处罗马遗址）、贝尼·哈迈德城堡（哈玛德帝国的第一首府）和米扎布山谷（一个石灰岩山谷，包含一个大型城市化绿洲）。

2.具有强大的经济潜力和竞争力的生产要素
阿尔及利亚拥有丰富的自然资源，其中包括石油和天然气（国际生产商和出口商）、磷酸盐（150个已列明的矿床，估计储量约为20亿吨）、铁（估计储量为35亿吨）、锌、大理石、盐和高岭土。阿尔及利亚每年的日照时间超过了3000小时。

大多数阿尔及利亚人的年龄在30岁以下，他们构成了一支年轻的高技能劳动力队伍。

此外，与家庭用电一样，工业用电也可以得到补贴。阿尔及利亚工厂的用电成本是全世界最低的国家之一：天然气：0.21至0.40欧元/撒姆；电力：0.1至0.4欧元/千瓦时；汽油：0.30欧元/升，柴油：0.17欧元/升。

由于阿尔及利亚地处战略要地，并且签署了多个区域贸易协议，这使得它有机会接近和进入大型区域市场，包括：
– 欧盟市场（人口超过4亿），距离阿尔及尔仅一小时的飞行时间，海运不超过24小时。
– 七个人口约1.3亿的边境市场（突尼斯、利比亚、尼日尔、马里、毛里塔尼亚、西撒哈拉和摩洛哥）。
– 阿尔及利亚是阿拉伯自由贸易区的成员国，该自贸区有超过3亿的人口。
– 非洲贸易经济区协议已于2021年1月开始生效，因此阿尔及利亚可以自由地进入非洲大陆市场。

作为拥有投资法律框架的国家，阿尔及利亚极具吸引力

论及营商环境，拥有投资法律框架的阿尔及利亚越来越具有吸引力。“投资自由”、“不歧视”、“投资保护”和“利润不公开”是阿尔及利亚在管理投资时的主要原则。

即将于2022年6月颁布的投资法将为所有关注在阿尔及利亚投资或对此感兴趣的投资者提供更多激励和便利政策，为他们的投资取得富有成效和有益的结果创造更好的条件。

有必要指出的是，新措施已经在2020年开始实施，目的是通过取消2009年以来设置的一些限制来放松对外国投资的管理机制。这方面值得一提的有：

– 现在，所有行业都对外国公司开放，限制外国投资者持股不超过49%的规定也在很大程度上进行了调整。对于大多数商业活动，外国公司可以自由投资并持有100%的股份，除了少数几个被视为战略性的部门。
– 国家的优先购买权现已解除，取而代之的是政府的事先授权。
– 取消了外国投资需在阿尔及利亚融资的义务。
– 投资法正在审查中，旨在使外国投资更加容易。

此外，阿尔及利亚还立法保障了外国投资者转让投资资本和产生的相关收益，同时阿尔及利亚签署了约40个关于互相鼓励和保护投资的双边协议，包括与中国签署的协议。

另一方面，阿尔及利亚的投资法律框架提供了许多优势，它们会激发投资者对所有部门的投资意向。投资法为符合条件的投资者给予了广泛的激励措施，激励幅度取决于投资的资金金额、可以创造的就业人数以及投资项目涉及的部门和地点。

激励措施包括在投资公司成立和运营的阶段免除头3年到5年甚至最长10年的税费。

除此之外，阿尔及利亚投资活动的税率是马格里布地区税率最低的国家之一：

– 公司利润税（TCP）：固定为25%。如果利润被用于再投资，那么税率可能会降低到12.5%。
– 专业活动税（PAT）：固定为2%，可从应纳税利润中扣除。它每年支付一次，与实现的销售额有关，不包括增值税。
– 增值税（VAT）：目前有两种增值税税率 ——17%的正常税率和7%的折价税率。
– 土地税（LT）：其计税基础包括应纳税房产的租金的财务价值。已建房产的土地税税率为3%。对位于非城市化区域的内建物业，该税率固定为5%；而在城市化区域，该税率根据地表面积在5%到10%之间。

阿尔及利亚具有非洲最大国家的战略位置优势和非常友好的投资环境，因此，显而易见，在阿尔及利亚投资能够使中国公司受益无穷。

阿尔及利亚：一个充满投资机会的国家

阿尔及利亚的经济仍然依赖石油和天然气，它们长期以来一直是国家经济的支柱，占预算收入的约60%、GDP的30%以及出口收入的95%以上。阿尔及利亚的原油产量约为130万桶/天，它也是主要的天然气生产国和出口国，与欧洲有着重要的联系。2020年，阿尔及利亚的天然气储量位居世界第十，同时它是世界第七大天然气出口国。阿尔及利亚的石油储量在世界上列在第15位。

但是，阿尔及利亚正在经历一场重要的经济转型，旨在减少对碳氢化合物的依赖。阿尔及利亚将专注于构建战略项目，放宽合资企业成立时对技术转让的限制，在制药、汽车和其他行业实现再工业化，同时发展阿尔及利亚在可再生能源、农业、旅游业和数字经济领域的巨大潜力。

另一方面，我们应该从这次冠状病毒大流行中吸取最重要的教训，用一种新的方式指导和组织国家发展和全球经济增长。在这方面，阿尔及利亚和中国可以寻求在丰富和多样化方面的新机会，尤其应当考虑以下因素：

1.发展支持电信技术的基础设施，推广电子商务平台和支付系统，以及实现不同部门间的数字化管理，这样做的目的就是要倡导数字经济和绿色发展，它们被全世界普遍认为对加速经济复苏和实现可持续发展具有巨大潜力，同时还能够应对气候变化带来的挑战。
2.中国在这些领域的经验和领先地位将极大地惠及阿尔及利亚，而中国的双循环发展的新理念也为阿尔及利亚产品的出口提供了巨大的机遇。
3.上述领域也是阿尔及利亚政府发展计划的重点领域，而阿尔及利亚的发展计划为两国的合作共赢创造了又一批新机会。

阿尔及利亚欢迎中国公司前来投资，并且在所有行业开展卓有成效且可持续的商业活动。不过，我想特别强调下面的一些领域，因为它们在政府2021年9月提出的行动计划中被列为优先考虑，是未来几年合作共赢的具体方向：

1. 能源转型和可再生能源
阿尔及利亚政府已经在2020年制定了一项能源转型战略，旨在逐步建立一个现代化的、务实的可再生能源计划，该计划包括利用光伏、风能、热能和生物质等各种可再生能源，到2024年和2035年分别安装具备4000兆瓦和15000兆瓦的可再生能源发电能力的设施。

一项具体计划已经启动，即在2022年先安装1000兆瓦的太阳能装置。目标是逐步增加装机容量。

另一方面，为了实现能源转型和效率目标，政府还推出了具体政策，旨在进一步改善住房隔热、推广太阳能热水器以及鼓励私家车和交通工具改用液化石油气。

2. 再工业化与地方生产
实施新政策是为了进一步发展阿尔及利亚的工业领域，包括中小企业，并在所有行业为其丰富的原材料提供更多的制造和加工能力。另一个目标则是为了将不同制成品（机械、白色家电、汽车等）中所使用的当地生产的零部件占比提高到至少30%。

3.发展制药业
阿尔及利亚政府非常重视进一步发展现有的制药行业，目前该行业覆盖了国家对药品和与健康相关产品的约50%的重要需求。
这一战略自2020年开始实施，旨在提高制药行业中指定产品的本土生产，从而减少相关进口。

4.发展数字经济
政府最近的工作方向还包括发展支持电信技术的基础设施，推广电子商务平台和支付系统，以及实现不同部门间的数字化管理，其目的就是发展数字经济。
阿尔及利亚政府正在实施的上述发展计划为长期的合作伙伴、合资或完全独资的公司提供了多种机会，中国公司可以抓住这些机会开展富有成效的商业活动。

5.旅游业
政府还高度重视开发阿尔及利亚丰富多样的旅游资源，包括提升国家旅游设施的能力，巩固和促进手工业的发展。

6.巩固并实现农业领域的现代化
农业是政府的战略目标之一，旨在提高国家粮食安全的能力、实现预算收入的多样性，同时挖掘国家在这一领域的巨大潜力。

7.铁路项目
阿尔及利亚为铁路部门的发展制定了一项雄心勃勃的计划。计划修建大量新的铁路线，以缓解阿尔及利亚不同地区的人们对出行和货运的烦恼。该计划包括“南北铁路线项目”，这是一个非常重要和大规模的项目，因为它可以将阿尔及利亚与其他非洲国家连接起来。

结语

最后，我想补充一点，尽管当今世界充满了不确定性，而且面临诸多挑战，但阿尔及利亚和中国的未来将是光明的，因为双方比以往任何时候都更加致力于共同努力克服困难，应对挑战；同时双方将彼此的潜力汇聚在一起，抓住各种机遇，争取取得更大的发展，并且保持持久、牢固的战略伙伴关系。

我再次邀请中国公司利用阿尔及利亚与中国现在良好的发展势头，更加积极地寻求在阿尔及利亚的投资机会，启动和实施能够带来双赢的投资项目。因为阿尔及利亚比以往任何时候都更加致力于经济多元化和减少对石油和天然气收入的依赖。

中国公司和企业的经营者尽可以放心，在寻求投资机会和寻找阿尔及利亚的合作伙伴时，你们将一如既往地得到阿尔及利亚驻华大使馆一切所需的支持和帮助。
最后，再次欢迎大家前往阿尔及利亚投资，并与阿尔及利亚共同发展。