您做在的位置: 中国投资 > 宏观•政策 > 一带一路 > 加强对话 促进务实合作

加强对话 促进务实合作

加强对话  促进务实合作

文|佟福德(Mr.Vladimír Tomšík) 捷克共和国驻华大使 翻译|王晓波

 导 读 

只要大家坐在一起,互相倾听并努力寻找共同点,我们之间的经贸和双边关系就能够得到加强。我希望今后两国能继续保持这种良好的发展态势,实现更多的务实合作

多领域展开合作

植根中国的捷克企业典范

中国企业投资捷克

强化沟通机制

借助一带一路增进务实合作


今年是中国与捷克(即前捷克斯洛伐克)建交七十周年,这是一个值得纪念的日子,借此机会,我想回顾这些年我们友好交往的经历、取得的成就、两国关系现状以及对未来发展的期许。

多领域展开合作

自捷中建交以来,经济合作一直是两国交往的重要组成部分。上世纪五十年代,我们向中国提供过农业援助,并且在中国的工业化的进程中给予了帮助。我们还向中国的糖厂、酒厂等制造企业出口了机械设备。这其中最具代表性的事例就是,1956年,捷克政府赠送给中国一套可耕种10万亩土地的现代化农业机械设备。随后,中国用这套机械设备在河北省沧州市筹建了国营农场,并命名为“中捷友谊农场”。

现在,中国是捷克最重要的商业和经济合作伙伴之一。就贸易额而言,中国是捷克的第二大合作伙伴,仅排在德国之后。就贸易结构而言,双方进出口的主要商品包括机械和运输设备以及各种工业品。此外,两国还在许多其他领域展开了合作,比如航空航天、金融、医疗、环保技术、采矿和能源等。

植根中国的捷克企业典范

两国经贸合作由来已久。而且更令人感到欣慰的是,无论市场发生了怎样的变化,那些在合作伊始就来到中国的捷克公司今天仍活跃在中国市场上。下面我就列举其中一些知名企业。

斯柯达·佩尔森(Skoda Pilsen)集团是20世纪欧洲最大的工业集团之一,几十年来,他们在中国市场的经营都非常成功。他们不仅生产汽车,而且还制造城市有轨电车和其他机械设备。其中斯柯达牌汽车每年在中国的产销量都超过了30万辆。此外,他们也在山东省的青岛市生产城市有轨电车。活跃在中国市场的还有一些工程和采矿机械公司,每年他们都会来北京和上海参加机械设备展览会,同时,也会在捷克举办的国际机械博览会上与中方合作伙伴会面。

相比之下,进入中国市场不久但已显现出足够的活力和优势的捷克公司也为数不少。捷信集团就是这样一家企业,他们为中国公民提供消费金融服务。它是第一家提出消费金融概念的公司,也是第一家在中国获得消费金融牌照的外国公司。借助他们提供的服务,一些小型初创企业能够获得启动资金购置所需的设备。这一做法不仅可以改善一些中国人的生活状况,也有助于消除贫困。

捷克通用航空在中国的发展也取得了重大成就。四种超轻型飞机成功获得了在中国制造和销售的许可证。此外,捷克拥有为中国航空提供发动机的企业以及培训中国飞行员的专家。总体来讲,捷克正在为中国的航空服务和产品提供各种解决方案,我们将其称为捷克专为中国通航打造的“全方位解决方案”。事实上,不仅在中国通用航空市场上大有作为,在民用航空领域,捷克和中国在过去四年里开通了四条商业用途的直飞航线。这意味着现在有越来越多来自北京、上海、成都和西安的游客可以直飞布拉格。

交通的便利化不仅使两国商人、学生和民众的出行变得很容易,而且对人文交流和加强对彼此文化的了解也起到了促进作用。现在捷克人民对中国丰富悠久的历史和经济发展现状的认识都在日益加深。我认为这是因为捷克始终与中国保持着积极主动的双边关系。

中国企业投资捷克

中国对捷克的投资额就可以充分证明这一点。在两国确定建立战略伙伴关系后,中国对捷克的投资开始快速增长。现在捷克的失业率位于历史最低点,而中国投资者对捷克的投资兴趣近年来也一直呈上升趋势。捷克投资局是捷克国有的负责吸引外商投资的机构,根据其提供的数据,在1993年至2018年间,中国对捷克的投资共计约4.58亿美元,并由此创造了4000个就业岗位。其中1993年至2017年的投资额为2.95亿美元,而2018年一年的投资额就达到1.63亿美元,超过了德国、日本和韩国这些往日的投资大国。

中国对捷克的投资大多与制造业有关,比如四川长虹集团、海信集团、西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司和延锋汽车延锋汽车内饰公司,他们已经在捷克进行长期投资并且吸纳当地技术工人和劳动力。随着一带一路倡议的不断扩展,更多的中国投资者也纷至沓来。中国的一些大型银行还在捷克设立了分支机构,包括中国银行、中国工商银行、中国建设银行和交通银行。

强化沟通机制

虽然两国在政治、经济和投资层面都取得了重大成就,但也仍面临着一些挑战。在政治层面,两国政府间经常性的、有组织的、务实的沟通和对话还显不足,因此需要得到进一步完善。因为如果沟通不及时,保持业已建立的紧密关系就很困难,甚至几乎是不可能的。而沟通的目的就是要确保在任何环境下双边关系都是高水平和切合实际的。沟通对话的主要机制应当是两国政府间合作委员会,它在三年前成立,但迄今尚未召开过会议。这一委员会能够帮助解决当前遇到的一些实际问题,比如迟迟未达成一致的农业合作协议以及其他认证和许可证事项。

我认为,为了促进人文交流,我们还要做大量的工作。事实上,只有加强交往,才能增进彼此的了解和对文化的认识。一带一路倡议能够帮助我们实现这一目标,因为基础设施的互联互通不仅可以使各国连接起来,还可以将各国人民紧密地联系在一起。

借助一带一路增进务实合作

过去三年里,一带一路倡议已经取得了一些重大成就,包括丝路基金和亚洲基础设施投资银行的成立、经济走廊和互联互通建设进展顺利。2015年11月,捷克签署加入一带一路倡议的谅解备忘录,是最早响应倡议的欧洲国家之一。而且为了配合和支持一带一路项目的开展,捷克还与中国成立了中捷合作中心。一带一路项目成为了两国企业在经济领域合作的典范,两国元首对此也极为重视,双方通过交换项目清单及时掌握进展情况。

我们期望一带一路倡议能够进一步增进和改善两国间的合作。虽然在项目执行过程中还有一些事项有待明确,比如项目融资和市场准入问题,但我们有必要向世界展示一带一路倡议的重要意义以及对两国重点领域务实合作的作用,比如基础设施建设、贸易往来、金融、人文交流领域。这都是实现全球经济复苏的基石。

捷克愿意充分利用这一契机,促进双边关系和多边关系的快速发展,同时与其他各国构建更牢固的经济关系,进而增进贸易往来和投资合作。

因此,让我们共同努力变“未知”为“已知”,针对包括开放和敏感的问题展开战略对话,提升两国在投资合作、贸易、旅游等领域合作水平。我相信,只要大家坐在一起,互相倾听并努力寻找共同点,我们之间的经贸和双边关系就能够得到加强。我希望今后两国能继续保持这种良好的发展态势,实现更多的务实合作。


编辑 | 张  梅

设计 | 孙子悦


Enhance Dialogue, Promote Pragmatic Cooperation

By H.E. Mr. Vladimír Tomšík   Ambassador of the Czech Republic to China


Recently,
I have just attending the Annual Meeting of New Champions of the World
Economic Forum, often dubbed as the ‘Summer Davos’. During this event, I
had the privilege of hearing Premier Li Keqiang speak of the progress
that China is making to grow the Chinese economy, despite the various
challenges. I was particularly encouraged to hear from him that the
Chinese government is taking many measures to further open up the
economy to foreign partners.

As
you know, Sri Lanka and China are long-standing friends. Our economic
and cultural cooperation go back many centuries, and we consider China
an important and reliable partner. I believe we now have the opportunity
to take our partnership to even greater heights, with a focus on
industrialization and investment.

Already,
China has invested a substantial amount in Sri Lanka in infrastructure
projects over the past decade. We value China’s engagement with us on
the Belt and Road Initiative. We believe it’s now time for you to invest
in production facilities in Sri Lanka. We would like to invite Chinese
industrialists to set up their plants in Sri Lanka and make use of the
preferential tariff access particularly to the European Union countries
and the US. We are also aware that cost of production is rising in South
China and it’ll be advantageous to produce in Sri Lanka and re-export
to China. We are even willing to look at providing special economic
zones for Chinese investors. Sri Lanka is currently building several new
industrial zones in the North West and Southern part of the country.
This provides new land availability with all the clearances done and
ready for investors.

This
is just one of many initiatives underway to make Sri Lanka an
attractive investment destination. Let me give you an overview of the
current economic context and some other ongoing initiatives underway.

The
Sri Lankan macroeconomy is strong. Despite pressures from external
economic conditions as well as the tragic Easter Sunday bombings, our
macroeconomic fundamentals remain strong and resilient. By end April our
gross foreign reserves stood at US$ 7.2 Billion, and our currency has
appreciated by 3.3% during the year up to mid-June. The trade deficit
has continued to narrow each month this year. Last week Sri Lanka
successfully raised US$ 2 billion in international sovereign bonds,
which were three times oversubscribed, clearly highlighting global
investors’ continued confidence in Sri Lanka and their positive outlook
on Sri Lanka’s economic growth story. Last year was also a good year for
exports and FDI, which reached all-time highs.

The
Government has taken numerous initiatives to re-orient the economy,
from a growth model that was heavily dependent on debt-fueled public
spending, to one that is driven more by the private sector, trade, and
FDI.

Last
year we passed a new Foreign Exchange Act, that brings very
contemporary and business-friendly approach to managing foreign
exchange. We also passed a new Inland Revenue Act, and it provides a
progressive, modern, and transparent income tax policy. The tax
incentives are now firmly written into the law and is based on regime of
generous investment allowances.

The
tax incentive is very clear – until you recover your investment – in
machinery, equipment, and buildings – you do not have to pay any
corporate income tax. Where the investment is over US$ 100 million, you
will not have to pay corporate income tax until 150% of your investment
is recovered. Even once you do start paying taxes, the top rate of
income tax is now lower than many countries in the region and if you are
an export-oriented industry then you pay half this rate.

We
are committed to improving the ease of doing business and improving
investor facilitation. Already, the time taken to registering a new
business has been cut from 6 days to just 1 day. Finding land and
registering property is being halved from nearly two months in the past
to just three weeks. We are introducing an ‘Electronic Single Window’
that will link together dozens of state agencies dealing with
international trade. Sri Lanka jumped 11 places this year in the World
Bank’s ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’ and we hope to rise further this
year, towards our goal of 70th position by 2020.

These
initiatives are being complemented by comprehensive trade policy
reforms. In the last budget, protectionist para-tariffs on over 1,200
items were removed, with the rest slated for removal this year and next
year. To leverage on our location and to expand market access, we are
expanding our trade and investment links with a diverse set of countries
– US, EU, India, China, Singapore, Japan. One year ago, a landmark Free
Trade Agreement with Singapore came into effect, which is a modern
agreement that covers not just goods, but also services, investment,
e-commerce, government procurement, telecommunications, and financial
services. We are working on three more bilateral trade agreements- a
Comprehensive FTA with China, an Economic and Technology Cooperation
Agreement with India and an FTA with Thailand. We also have the GSP Plus
trade concessions to the European Union, which gives duty free access
on over 6,200 tariff lines, as well as GSP access to the US market. As a
Chinese investor in Sri Lanka you will have the benefit of preferential
market access to all these large markets, and from a very attractive
location in the Indian Ocean.

Colombo
is becoming a hub in the region. The Colombo Port is ranked the 22nd
Best Port in the World, and 13th Best Port Connectivity in the World. 33
major shipping lines call at our Port. You can have your South Asian
headquarters in Colombo and enjoy the benefit of being located in a
clean and livable city, in a strategic geographic location. From Sri
Lanka you can reach out to India, South Asia, East Asia, as well as
Africa and the Middle East.

When
you invest in Sri Lanka, total foreign ownership is allowed and you
have no restrictions on the repatriation of your profits. The safety of
foreign investments is guaranteed under our constitution. And you can
obtain land on a long 99-year lease basis. For example, the recent
investment by China Merchant Holdings in the Hambantota Port is on this
same basis, and they were also granted ‘Strategic Development Project’
status, which entitled them to special incentives.

In
finding companies to partner with in Sri Lanka, you will realise that
Sri Lankan companies are committed to good corporate governance,
financial reporting under high international standards, and
environmental and labour sustainability that is far ahead of the rest of
South Asia.

Moreover,
our road and telecoms infrastructure is very good – with 3 new
expressways coming up by 2020, electricity available in 100% of
households, and 4G mobile connectivity in all districts.

While
all of these features point to the fact that Sri Lanka is a promising
investment destination, I am sure a question that you all may have is –
“is Sri Lanka safe for investment, given the recent events?” Let me
assure you – Absolutely, Sri Lanka IS safe for investment. The security
forces very quickly dismantled the terrorist group after the Easter
Sunday bombings and all those responsible have committed suicide and
others connected have been apprehended. We are confident that the
security situation is now well under control. At the same time, we must
bring to your notice that none of the industries have been affected as a
result of the bombings and none of the export orders were cancelled or
delayed. This is a testament to the resilience of the economy.

We
have now initiated many programmes to get the economy back on track,
including promotion activities in the area of tourism. Tourism arrivals
have already been steadily picking up and several countries – including
China – have removed their travel advisories.

Since
China and Sri Lanka have very cordial and long-standing relations, we
expect the Chinese government, the state-owned enterprises, the Chinese
private sector and the people of China to come forward once again to
show their solidarity by investing in Sri Lanka, doing business with Sri
Lanka, and visiting Sri Lanka.

As
I mentioned at the start, we are keen to promote manufacturing
investments especially, where we can provide better jobs for our people
and improve their living standards. Even though some of you may know Sri
Lanka for our tea and our idyllic beaches, you should also know that
our manufactured products are part of global supply chains. We are a
world leader in solid rubber tyres, surgical and industrial gloves,
electronic sensors and wire harnesses for cars, specialised sports
apparels, and IT software for global stock exchanges.

I
hope you will consider bringing your business to Sri Lanka. Come to Sri
Lanka to take advantage of our great geographic location, our port
connectivity and efficiency, our preferential tariff access to large
markets in the region, and our human resource pool that is highly
literate and highly trainable.

Editor | H.E. Mr. Vladimír Tomšík  

Design | Sun Ziyue