导读
两国需要进一步对接发展理念，深化务实合作，特别是在能源、基础设施、农业、旅游业、数字化和信息通讯技术领域。希望中方进一步参与布隆迪“国家十年发展规划” （2018-2027年）的实施
●建设更具向心力的中非大家庭
●借力区域一体化政策
●期待中方参与“国家十年发展规划”实施
“新一届中非合作论坛将深入探讨一带一路倡议。在“一带一路”框架下，非洲得以挖掘自身诸多资源禀赋，开展互联互通基础设施建设。”布隆迪驻华大使马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima ）对本刊记者说，“展望未来，中非有望在医疗、数字经济、环保、能源、基础设施互联互通和安全领域深化合作，建设更强大、更具向心力的中非大家庭。”
2月1日，布隆迪驻华大使马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima ）接受本刊记者采访，在谈到两国合作未来前景时，大使阁下表示，“布方最大的期盼莫过于布中合作持续向好，通过中非合作论坛与一带一路不断深化合作。希望中方能进一步参与布隆迪“国家十年发展规划”落地实施中。”
建设更具向心力的中非大家庭
《中国投资》：2021年，中非合作进入了第21个年头，中非合作论坛将在非洲举办。您认为此次论坛有何重要意义？中非合作目前有哪些成果？还有哪些待解决的问题？未来中非将在哪些领域深入合作？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：毋庸置疑，中非合作论坛为中国与非洲之间的双多边合作提供了深化交流的战略性合作框架。
2021年将在塞内加尔首都达喀尔举行的新一届中非合作论坛是中非合作进程中具有决定性的转折点，新冠肺炎疫情对非洲及世界经济造成了沉重打击，即将召开的中非合作论坛将有助于推动疫情后非洲经济复苏。2021年在塞内加尔举行的中非合作论坛有望达成数项重要决定，继2018年北京峰会后，2021年中非合作论坛取得的进展将对促进非洲经济复苏产生重要影响。
非洲国家面临诸多治理赤字，如公共医疗健康服务不充分、能源短缺、技术和交通基础设施落后等问题。结论显而易见，非洲国家面临许多严峻挑战，非洲国家亟需快速复苏经济。
中国在发展与减贫领域积累的宝贵经验可为2021年中非合作论坛提供借鉴。此外，论坛还可深入探讨中国国家主席习近平提出的“一带一路”倡议。“一带一路”为弘扬多边主义创造了理想合作框架，在该框架下，非洲得以挖掘自身诸多资源禀赋，开展互联互通基础设施建设，“一带一路”倡议的提出也同样惠及了全世界。
中非合作已进入了第21个年头，在这个关键节点上，应该回望中非合作论坛创建以来各国共同走过的20年风风雨雨，总结回顾中非合作的得与失。
2020年标志着中非合作论坛创建的第20周年。20年前，在新旧世纪的交汇点上，中国与非洲国家因传统的兄弟情谊团结在一起，顺应和平与发展的时代潮流，高举互惠合作的大旗，共同启动了中非合作论坛。此后，中非友好大家庭拥有了集体对话平台与务实合作机制，中非关系进入了发展新阶段。
过去20年，中非在中非合作论坛框架下积极履行共同承诺、达成务实成果。中非关系先是上到新台阶，成为独树一帜的新型关系；尔后演化为战略性新型关系；进而发展到今天，上升至全球战略合作伙伴关系的高度。
2019年，中国对非直接投资达491亿美金，是2000年的100倍；中非双边贸易额达2087亿美金，是2000年的20倍，诸如此类的例子比比皆是。在过去的二十年间，中国出资建造了亚的斯亚贝巴的非洲联盟会议中心，修建了6000多公里铁路、6000多公里公路。从“一带一路”倡议框架下修建的20个港口、逾80座水力发电站，到中方提出的中非“十大合作计划”、“八大行动”，一言以蔽之，过去的二十年里，与中国的经贸往来使非洲进入到了走向繁荣的上升轨道中。
展望未来，中非有望在医疗、数字化、环保、能源、基础设施互联互通和安全领域深化合作，建设更强大、更具向心力的中非大家庭、中非命运共同体。
⬆ 布隆迪（图片提供：CFP）
《中国投资》：2021年1月，非洲大陆自由贸易区正式启动。非洲大陆自贸区的启动会对非洲的发展产生什么影响？非洲大陆自贸区的启动对深化中非合作的意义是什么？非洲大陆自贸区的启动对布隆迪的发展有什么影响？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：非洲内部贸易不活跃一直是制约非洲经济发展的一大瓶颈，内部贸易额仅占非洲总贸易额的16%到18%，远低于欧洲和亚洲。
非洲大陆自贸区成立的目的是采取多项举措，改进市场准入、逐步消除关税和贸易壁垒、促进海关法律法规一体化、深化合作和能力建设，从而促进非洲内部贸易增长。
非洲大陆自由贸易区的启动在大幅提高贸易自由化水平，从长远角度看，这将为形成关税同盟、加强区域一体化、促进人员和资金的自由流动做准备。非洲大陆自贸区可以强化非洲国家之间的凝聚力和向心力，而团结互助正是非盟《2063年议程》充分落地的必要前提。
联合国非洲经济委员会的数据显示，到2022年，非洲大陆自贸区贸易额有望提高52%。
诚然，取消贸易壁垒是非洲大陆自贸区成立以来重要的一步，不仅有利于非洲的转型与发展，还为非中双方带来了挖掘自身经济增长潜力的黄金机遇，将为中非合作注入新动力，为中非关系开拓新局面。
过去，布隆迪作为内陆国家，需要面对繁琐的关税壁垒和复杂的海关手续。如今，布隆迪有望成为非洲大陆自贸区内的一个关键贸易节点和交通枢纽，有助于非洲发展铁路、公路、空中出行基础设施和通讯，提高非洲互联互通水平，届时互联互通基础设施有望成为布隆迪乃至非洲经济增长的引擎。
《中国投资》：目前目前布隆迪经济发展面临哪些挑战？政府会采取哪些举措应对这些挑战？政府有哪些发展计划？政府支持哪些关键领域的发展？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：面对复杂的国际形势和实现可持续发展的难题，布隆迪需要不断调整优先事项，把握人民需求的脉搏，厘清经济增长的轨迹，从而合理调配资源，改善农业生产条件，推进基础设施现代化，促进年轻人口就业，保护生态系统。
在此背景下，布隆迪政府启动了“国家十年发展规划”，带领布隆迪于2027年之前走出经济困境。
《中国投资》：布中合作目前进展如何？布中在哪些关键领域取得了良好成果？未来您期待在哪些领域展开深入合作？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：1963年12月21日，布隆迪共和国与中华人民共和国建立外交关系，布隆迪成为第12个与中国建交的非洲国家。
自建交之日起，两国外交关系不断深化，在经贸、教育、信息和通讯技术与社交领域的双边与多边合作中不断迈上新台阶。
《中国投资》：“一带一路”倡议对非洲的发展有哪些影响？“一带一路”倡议为布隆迪的发展带来哪些变化？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：习近平主席曾提出，基础设施落后是阻碍非洲发展的主要瓶颈，因此非洲能够在“一带一路”倡议中获益。非洲参与到“一带一路”倡议中，能利用溢出效应，吸引更多农业、工业和旅游业的投资，与基础设施项目并行发展，进而提升非洲地区总体的贸易竞争力。
《中国投资》：您如何看待中非合作与布中合作前景？
马丁·姆巴祖穆蒂马（Martin Mbazumutima）：现阶段，面对21世纪新一轮科学技术变革，中非应携手利用好数字经济发展的溢出效应，数字经济有望成为非洲经济跨越式发展的重要引擎，布方希望2021年在塞内加尔举行的中非合作论坛给予数字经济足够重视。
布方最大的期盼莫过于希望布中合作持续向好，通过两大现有平台——中非合作论坛与“一带一路”倡议不断深化合作关系。布隆迪“国家十年发展规划” （2018-2027年） 是依照联合国2030年可持续发展目标、非盟《2063年议程》以及布隆迪的资源禀赋制定的，布方希望中方能进一步参与到该战略规划的落地实施中。
Promote Implementation of National Ten-Year Development Plan
“TheForum could rely on‘Belt and Road Initiative’ which offers an ideal
framework for multilateralism, framework for the creation of various
wealth, and interconnectivity infrastructures on the African Continent,”
said H.E.Martin Mbazumutima, the ambassador of Burundi to China, to our
reporter at China Investment magazine, “In the prospects, certainly we
should expect China-Africa cooperation in the areas of health, digital,
green development, energy, infrastructures connectivity and security,
for the construction of an even stronger and more focused China-Africa
community, towards a shared future.”
H.E.Martin Mbazumutima, the ambassador of Burundi to China, received an
interview with China Investment magazine on February 1st, 2021. In
speaking of the prospects of future cooperation between Burundi and
China, His Excellency stated, “Our deepest hope is that, the cooperation
between the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of Burundi
continues to be excellent and be strengthened through the two existing
platforms such as FSAC and BELT AND ROAD. We also hope that China will
be more involved in the implementation of Burundi’s National Economic
Development Plan 2018-2027.”
China Investment: In
2021,China Africa cooperation enters its 21st year, and the Forum on
China-Africa Cooperation will be held in Africa. What do you think is
the significance of this meeting?What problems need to be solved?What
goals have been achieved?In which areas will China and Africa cooperate?
H.E. Martin Mbazumutima: Undoubtedly,
Sino-African Cooperation is a platform which offers a strategic and
deepening exchange framework, of bilateral and multilateral Sino African
cooperation.
In this way, It’s holding in Dakar in 2021, remains a decisive turning
point, especially in terms of reviving African post pandemic economy, a
pandemic, that has shaken both African economies, and beyond the world
economy.
In Dakar, major decisions, if not orientations, are certainly expected.
After the Beijing Summit in 2018, that of Dakar remains crucial, in
terms of recovery of economy for Africa.
Inshort, we can say, that the challenges remain colossal and numerous for
the African countries, which need an economic and rapid recovery, if we
take into account for example the debts that many African countries are
facing , insufficient health , energy, technology, and transport
infrastructures and so on.
Beyond that, the Chinese experience in the field of development and the fight
against poverty, can greatly inspire the Dakar Ministerial Conference,
and above all, the Forum could rely on the” XI Jinping’s “Belt and Road
Initiative” which offers an ideal framework for multilateralism,
framework for the creation of various wealth, and interconnectivity
infrastructures on the African Continent, and beyond the World.
China Africa cooperation enters its 21st year, it is the ideal and the very
moment, to take balance sheet of Sino-African cooperation, over the 20
years of creation of the Forum on Sino-African Cooperation.
Andso, the year 2020 marked the 20th anniversary of the Forum on Sino African Cooperation.
Twentyyears ago, at the dawn of the new century, China and Africa united by
fraternal friendship, established the Forum on Sino-African Cooperation,
following the trend of peace and development, by raising the flag of
mutually beneficial cooperation high. Since then, the great China-Africa
family has had its plate-form for collective dialogue and its own
mechanism of pragmatic cooperation, and Sino- African relations have
entered a new phase of development.
The past twenty years have been marked by common commitments and concrete
results under the guidance of FSAC. And Sino-African relations have
risen to the level of a new type of partnership initially, then to that,
to a strategic partnership of new type in a second step, before being
brought today, to the level of global strategic cooperation partnership
in a third step.
In 2019 the balance sheet of Chinese direct investment in Africa amounted
to 49,1billion US dollars, it is 100 times higher than that of 2000,
and the volume of Sino-African trade amounted to 208,7 billion US
dollars, it is 20 times higher than that of 2000 to name but a few. In
short over the past two decades China has built the African Union Center
in Addis Ababa, over 6000km of railroads, 6000km of roads, from all
around 20 ports, and over 80 hydropower plants under Belt and Road
Initiative, ten cooperative projects and eight initiatives proposed by
China, in brief over the two decades bilateral trade with China has
enabled Africa to take an upward trajectory towards prosperity.
Of course in the prospects, certainly we should expect China Africa
cooperation in the areas of health, digital, green development, energy,
infrastructures connectivity and security, for the construction of an
even stronger and more focused China Africa community, towards a shared
future.
ChinaInvestment: In January 2021, the African Continental Free Trade Area
was officially implemented.What effect will play on the development of
the African Continent?What does the African continental Free trade Area
means for promoting China Africa cooperation?What is the promotion of
Burundi’s development?
H.E. Martin Mbazumutima: One
of the obstacles to African’s economic development has long been the
low rate of intra African trade which currently represents 16 to 18% of
African’s total trade, a percentage much lower than that of Europe or
Asia.
So, the African Continental Free Trade Area is to promote intra African
trade, by improving market, accessibility to gradual elimination of
custom duties, the elimination of trade barriers, the harmonization of
custom laws and practices, and the strengthening of cooperation and
capacities.
Here,the African Union aims for a progressive liberalization, which in long
term will pave the way for custom union and regional integration,
promoting the free movement of persons and capitals, furthermore, the
African Continental Free Trade Area, should cement the type of unity,
which is a sine qua non prerequisite for Agenda 2063 to be full
complemented.
Let us remember that the African Continental Free Trade Area has the
potential to increase trade by some 52 per cent by 2022, according to
the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa.
It is true, with African Continental Free Trade Area; the removal of trade
barriers is an important step, for the transformation and development
of Africa, which offers both Africa and China, a golden opportunity to
exploit their economic potential, which will breathe new life into Sino
African cooperation, and will allow their relations to reach new
horizons.
In this context, before Burundi which is known as a landlocked
country faces with the hassle of tariff barriers, and complex customs
formalities, but with AFCTA, Burundi will constitute an important
crossroads for trade and could be an important node for Africa for the
connectivity in Africa of rail, road, and air infrastructures and even
communication, which will at that time being, be in our opinion, engines
of growth and economic development in Burundi particularly and Africa
in general.
⬆ On March 12, 2019, experts from Chinese agricultural expert team to
Burundi inspect a demonstration field of Chinese hybrid rice in Ninga
Village, Bubanza Province in Northwest Burundi. (Xinhua/Lv Tianran)
China Investment: What are the challenges facing Burundi’s economic
Development? What measures does the government have to deal with the
challenge?Development plan?The key areas that the government encourages
development?
H.E.Martin Mbazumutima:
In the complex world and the struggle for the sustainable development,
Burundi constantly faces the issue and challenges, of identifying the
priorities of its people and defining the trajectory of its growth, in
order to best reconcile the improvement of agriculture production, the
modernization of basic infrastructure, the creation of jobs for young
people, and the preservation of ecosystems.
Itis in this context, that the Government has adopted a new strategic
planning instrument, to lead Burundi towards emergence by 2027; it is
the ten years National Development Plan of Burundi (PND 2018-2027).
The long term objective of this plan, aims to restore the structural
balances of the Burundian economy, through the strengthening of food
self sufficiency, and the diversification of exports through the
promotion of agro industrial commercial and extractive companies ,
development of the energy and art sector , the construction and
maintenance of infrastructure to support growth, the improvement of
access to basic social services such as education, health and social
protection , continuation of environmental protection programs and land
use planning, improvement of financial governance and decentralization ,
development of regional and international partnership.
ChinaInvestment: How is the cooperation between Burundi and China
progressing?In which key areas has the cooperation has the cooperation
archived good results?Where do you hope to continue further in depth
cooperation?
H.E.Martin Mbazumutima: Burundi
and the People’s Republic of China established their diplomatic
relations in 1963 December 21st and Burundi was in this way the 12th
country of Africa to establish such diplomatic relations with China.
Since then, diplomatic relations between the Republic of Burundi and the
People’s Republic of China have continued to strengthen and reached new
levels at the bilateral as well as at the multilateral level, in various
fields such as economic, education, commerce, ICT and social.
Without being exhaustive, the field of cooperation is vast from diplomacy to
education including economic exchanges, infrastructures, information and
communication techniques. Burundi has also cooperation with China in
agriculture and in health fields.
China Investment: What are the effects of the Belt and Road Initiative on the
development of Africa?What changes has brought to the development of
Burundi？
H.E.Martin Mbazumutima:
On the Belt and road Initiative, His Excellency Xi Jinping spoke of
Africa to benefit from the project as insufficient infrastructure is the
main obstacle to development of Africa, and participation in the
project, will highlight potential spin-offs such as increased investment
in industry, agriculture industries, tourism, in parallel with
infrastructure projects, and also will promote trade competitive at the
continental level.
Ofcourse, for Burundi what is essential is that Burundi and China,
further align their development ideas and strengthen practical
cooperation in a mutually beneficial spirit and within the framework of
the Belt and Road Initiative and the eight major measures initiatives
announced at the Forum on Sino African Cooperation, particularly in the
fields of energy infrastructure agriculture tourism and digital and ICT,
otherwise Burundi is willing to accelerate the joint construction of
the Belt and Road and welcomes Chinese companies and investors, who are
ready to invest in Burundi for mutually beneficial cooperation.
ChinaInvestment: What do you think of China Africa cooperation and the future of Burundi China cooperation？
H.E. Martin Mbazumutima:
In the current time, China and Africa should coordinate cooperative
efforts to take advantage of the spillover effects of the digital
economy of the 21st century, which will be the century of scientific and
technological innovation, which should be growth engines for a great
leap forward in the economic development of the African continent, and
our hope is that the FSAC which will be held in Dakar this year attaches
importance to it.
Also, our deepest hope is that, the cooperation between the People’s Republic
of China and the Republic of Burundi continues to be excellent and be
strengthened through the two existing platforms such as FSAC and BELT
AND ROAD. We also hope that China will be more involved in the
implementation of Burundi’s National Economic Development Plan
2018-2027, which is in accordance with the sustainable development
goals of the United Nations to be reached in 2030, the African Union
2063 Agenda, and takes into account the country’s resources.
编辑 | 张 梅
翻译 | 齐晓彤
设计 | 大 米