优惠政策是提振非洲能源产业关键

尽管非洲能源丰富，如何获取可靠的能源供给却一直是非洲面临的一大难题，严重阻碍了非洲的发展。随着人口的增多、城镇化进程的推进以及生产力的提高，对能源的需求势必要上升。

联合国第七项可持续发展目标旨在于2030年以前实现能源的全面覆盖，非洲工业化的实现基本上取决于非洲国家在接下来的几十年里能做出多大努力实现能源供给。《中国投资》杂志采访了中国电建集团海外投资有限公司总经理杜春国，中国电建集团海外投资有限公司的主要业务是海外能源产业投资，他们研究非洲国家实现发展所需要哪些政策支持，以及一带一路倡议框架下帮助非洲发展能源产业的投资机会。

⬆7月26日，中国电建集团海外投资有限公司总经理杜春国（左一）接受记者采访

《中国投资》：请您介绍一下中国电建集团海外投资有限公司。贵公司在非洲完成了哪些项目？贵公司目前正在哪些国家开展项目？

杜春国：中国电建集团海外投资有限公司是中国电建集团下属的公司，主要业务是海外能源产业股权投资。到目前为止，我们主要在亚洲地区进行投资，包括东南亚地区。同时，我们在刚果（金）有很多投资项目，目前也在跟进肯尼亚、赞比亚、坦桑尼亚、莫桑比克的投资项目，这些项目都还在早期阶段。我们目前的投资额已达到60亿美金，有一项大投资在老挝。

总体而言，对于这些项目，我们的关注点在财务回报。我们强调财务回报，也强调因地制宜，在该国投资时会雇佣当地人。在项目前期，我们通常有很多中国员工参与，但在结束对当地人的培训后，我们会减少中国雇员数目、增加当地雇员数目。在公司治理上，不管在哪里投资，我们都本着为当地社区带来发展的原则，这一点至关重要。如果想要项目在全生命周期都保持生命力，就需要发动当地人，与他们搞好关系。我们的基本投资原则是共赢，除了投资，我们也修寺庙、建学校，教当地社区如何植树、如何开垦农业用地。我们也下力气保护项目周边的环境。

在我们的非洲项目中，多数雇员都来自于当地社区，我们努力为他们创造良好的工作环境。

《中国投资》：非洲是个新兴经济体，是中国投资者最大的投资目的地之一，多数非洲国家面临的一个困难是缺乏足够的电能支持大型工厂运转，您将如何帮助非洲克服这些挑战？

杜春国：一些非洲国家有相似的困难，政府拥有一部分企业，他们过度举债，已经无法向其他国家继续借债，也就是说这些非洲国家需要投资。我们公司主要做的就是投资，中非之间有深厚的友谊，我们彼此需要、互为补充，这也就是为什么我非常乐于做我现在做的事。

当政府没有能力凭一己之力进行投资时，我们公司愿意接过接力棒，作为企业我们需要这些投资决策具有财务可行性，因为我们需要向银行借钱，如果项目无法获得财务回报的话，银行不会借给我们钱，我们的项目也无法开展下去。尽管我们公司有意进行投资，也必须与当地政府、当地企业合作，为项目寻找融资方案。

如果有优质的投资项目，我们公司非常愿意在非洲进行投资。我们的目标不只是财务回报，也想一同开发当地社区。

《中国投资》：您认为非洲国家需要如何做才能吸引更多像您这样的投资者？

杜春国：我认为非洲政府要想吸引更多的外国投资商，需要出台一些优惠政策。如果我们公司想要对一些项目进行投资，这些项目必须具有财务可行性，这很重要。我们需要搭建财务模型，计算各种财务指标。另外，项目需要有技术可行性。如果该项目在财务层面和技术层面均具有可行性，我们就可以与政府、当地的合作伙伴一起合作，这样我们会做得很好。此外，我们需要政府支持，还需要与当地企业一起合作，因为当地企业更了解该国家基本情况与市场需求，而我方有资金、专家，双方合作便可以办成事，但前提是需要政府支持。

《中国投资》：您认为一带一路倡议在促进对非投资，特别是能源产业投资方面扮演什么角色？

杜春国：一带一路倡议正在落实过程中。倡议是倡议，倡议要想在他国落地就需要有详细的、切合实际的举措。在倡议的框架下开展投资意味着我们可以从投资国与东道国两方获得支持，但我们首先需要找到解决方案。尽管每个项目都是独立的，我们仍需要一个有利的宏观政策环境。如果政策到位的话，我们需要找到好项目。这一切都需要一步一步落实。我们公司是一家央企，我们有意在一带一路倡议框架下有所作为。

我们公司想在非洲做很多项目，不只是在刚果金。特别是现在这个时间节点，很多非洲国家需要电力，我们在这方面有丰富的经验。我们可以在价值链上的各个环节进行布局。我们有工程团队、委托团队、运营团队、维护团队，内部团队很齐全。如果项目协议是在一带一路倡议框架下签署的，且在财务层面、技术层面具有可行性，我们非常愿意参与项目投资。

《中国投资》：一些西方国家对一带一路倡议持批评态度，您认为这背后的原因是什么？中非双方在一带一路倡议如何推进项目实施？

杜春国：西方国家对于一带一路倡议有种种误解。中国历史悠久，我们的处世哲学从来都是提倡包容式发展而不是固守一家独大。我们希望在国际范围内构建命运共同体。但一些西方国家追求单边发展而不是多边发展。我们所做的事情不符合西方的意识形态，这是为什么我们听到了很多来自西方的批评声音。

其次，一带一路倡议的对象是同呼吸、共命运的国家，也就是说中国能通过一带一路倡议交到更多的亲密朋友，这合情合理，因为我们想要与其他发展中国家一起发展。但西方政客不这么认为，其背后的逻辑非常复杂，并不是基于事实依据的。

《中国投资》：您怎样评价未来五年、未来十年的中非关系？中非如何进一步建立更密切的双边关系？

杜春国：我认为中非合作会越来越好。建国初期，尽管中国很穷，中国仍为非洲提供了援助，中国与非洲之间有兄弟般的情谊，非洲也给中国很多帮助。中非之间也是互帮互助的关系，没有非洲的帮助，我们不可能成为联合国常任理事国。现在即便中国比较富裕，我们并没有背弃这种互帮互助的内在逻辑，两方友谊与兄弟情谊还在，我们需要在一带一路倡议框架下，采取具体措施，共同找到优质项目。

接下来五年，中非关系会越来越好。尽管现在中美之间存在贸易摩擦，我希望中美两国能够找到共同诉求。中美应该携手与非洲国家开展商业贸易，在该问题上，各方都需要加强沟通。

英文版

Preferential Policies key to boosting Africa’s Energy Sector

——Interview with Du Chunguo, the President of POWERCHINA RESOURCES LIMITED

By Morris Dogga  Journalist of Juba Monitor, South Sudan

Despite having a vast resources, access to reliable energy supply in Africa continues to be a challenge and has greatly impeded development. The demand for energy is set to rise with increasing population, urbanization and economic productivity.

The sustainable development goal number 7 aims to provide universal energy for all by 2030, and to achieve Africa’s hope of industrialization which general depends on how much Countries would be able to provide in the coming decades to meet the demand, China Investment Magazine Interviewed Du Chunguo, the President of PowerChina Resources Limited-whose Company deals in Overseas Energy sector investment on what Policies should African Countries adopt to move forward. What Investment opportunities stand on the way for Africa in boosting the energy Sector under the Belt and Road Initiative?

China Investment: Tell us more about PowerChina Resource Limited?  What are some of the projects your company has undertaken in Africa? Which countries is your company currently active in operation?

Du Chunguo: Power China Resource limited which is a main platform company on behalf of Power China Group; it mainly does equity investment in overseas electrical power sector. So far we mainly doing investment in Asia including Southeast Asia, most of areas of investment are mainly in Asia. We have many projects in Democratic Republic of Congo. We are also following power projects in Kenya, Zambia, Tanzania and Mozambique. It is still in the early phase. We have invested already 6 billion dollars in investment. The major investment is in Laos.
For the principle, we emphasize on financial retain. Financial retain is one of our focus. We also place great emphasis on environment issues. Where we do the investment, we recruit local people to work for us. When we are setting the company, we normally have a lot of Chinese expertise but after training the local people, we will reduce the number of Chinese employees and increase the number of local people.  On governance, no matter where we do the project we must follow the principle of the company and that is to bring development of the local communities. This is key in terms of community development. If you want the project to be alive for the whole life circle, you must be good developed with the local people. Our basic principle of investment is a win-win. We also built temples, the schools; we also teach the local communities how to plant news trees and to develop new fields for the Agricultural use. We also do a lot of job for the protection of the environment around the projects. In our investment in Africa, majority of the employees are from the local community and we provide a very good working condition for them.

China Investment : Africa is an emerging economy and it is one of the biggest destinations for Chinese Investors, and one of the problems facing most African Countries is that there is no adequate power to run big factories, What will you do to help Africa Overcome these Challenges?

Du Chunguo: In Africa, some Countries have the same problems because the governments still owns some of the companies and they have borrowed too much and they cannot borrow more from other countries. That means they need investment. My company is mainly doing the investment, so I am more than willing to do that because China and Africa have a good relationship and we need each other and we are complementary to each other.

So when the governments are not capable to do the investment by themselves and then my company would like to do the investment, we need to have the projects financially feasible. Because, I will have to borrow money from the bank and if the project is not financially feasible, the bank will not give money and I cannot do that. Although my company has such intentions, we must work with the local government and companies to find investment solutions for the active project.

My company is willing to do investment in Africa; we just need to find good investment projects. I also want to develop the local communities together; I don’t only want the money alone. This is our intention.

China Investment: What do you think the African Countries should do in order to attract more investors like you?

Du Chunguo:  from my point of view I think the African government should provide some preferential policies in order to attract more foreign investors. If my company wants to invest in a certain projects, the projects must be financial feasible. That is very important. That means we need to have the financial model, how to calculate. Secondly, we need to have technical feasibility. If the project is financial and technical feasible I think we can try together with the government and local partners, we can do a good job. That needs a government support. We need to partner with the local companies because the local companies knows the country and the demand of the country better. I have the money and the expert and then together we can do a good job and that needs a government support.

China Investment: What Role do you think the Belt and Road Initiative plays in enhancing investment in Africa especially in the Energy Sector?

DU Chunguo: The Belt and Road Initiative is under implementation right. Initiative is initiative. The initiative needs to have some detailed and practical measures to grow in other Countries. That means we can get the support from both sides. But we need to find the solution. The projects are individual, so we need some policy environment. If the policy is already there we need to find good project. So that needs to be done step by step. My company is a state own and we would like to do so something within the frame work of the belt and road initiative and we are willing to do that.

My company wanted to do a lot of projects in Africa not only in Congo; we want to do especially now that some African countries need electricity. We have very good expertise. My company can provide the whole value chain. We have the team to construct, we have the team for commissioning and operation and we have the maintenance team. We have all in house capacities. So, if the project itself is within the frame work agreement and is financially and technically feasible, I will be more than willing to do that.

China Investment: Some Western Countries have been critical of the Belt and Road Initiative, in our own opinion, why do you think most western Countries are so critical of the BRI and how can Africa and China Move Forward in the implementation of projects under BRI?

Du Chunguo: The western countries have some misimpression about the Belt and Road Initiative. China has a long history, and our philosophy is inclusive development not exclusive development. We want to be global with a common destiny. But Some Western Countries wants a unilateral development not multilateral.  So, what we do cannot fit into their ideology and that is the reason why there are a lot of criticism from the west.

Secondly, the BRI is aiming at common destiny that means China can have more close friends which is okay because we want to develop with other developing countries together. But other western politicians don’t think it is good. Actually it is from a kind of complicated thinking and it is not based on the facts.

China Investment: How will you assess the relationship between Africa and China in the next five or Ten years? How can China and Africa move forward in building a stronger bilateral relationship?

Du Chunguo: I think the cooperation between African and China will be better and better. China is at the far beginning of the establishment of the people’s republic of China. We are still very poor but we provide assistance to Africa. Africa is our brotherly partner. And also Africa provided great assistance to us. Without Africa we cannot become UN permanent member. It was Africa that helped us. So we are helping each other. Today we are relatively rich but the methodology is the same. The friendship and the brotherly relationship is the same. Now that we have the frame work of the Belt and Road Initiative, we need detailed measures and solutions together to find good projects.

In the next five years we will be better. I hope that, although we have trade friction with the U.S, I think we will find a common ground. China and United States should unite to do business with the African Countries. We need more communication.